如何在 Oracle 中为指定维度的所有组合生成组小计?
问题描述:
您需要计算 Oracle 中指定维度的所有组合的小计。
解决方案:
CUBE 函数将为指定维度的所有组合生成小计。如果 CUBE 中列出的列数为"n",则将有 2n 种小计组合。
我们将首先创建满足此需求所需的数据。
示例
-- Drop table DROP TABLE atp_titles; -- Create table CREATE TABLE atp_titles ( player VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL, title_type VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL, titles NUMBER NOT NULL);
示例
-- insert ATP tour titles won by the player INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Roger Federer','ATP Tour Titles',103); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Rafael Nadal','ATP Tour Titles',86); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Novak Djokovic','ATP Tour Titles',81); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Pete Sampras','ATP Tour Titles',64); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Andre Agassi','ATP Tour Titles',52); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Andy Murray','ATP Tour Titles',46); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Thomas Muster','ATP Tour Titles',39); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Andy Roddick','ATP Tour Titles',32);
示例
-- insert grandslam titles won by the player INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Roger Federer','Grandslams',20); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Rafael Nadal','Grandslams',20); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Novak Djokovic','Grandslams',17); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Pete Sampras','Grandslams',14); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Andre Agassi','Grandslams',8); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Andy Murray','Grandslams',3); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Thomas Muster','Grandslams',1); INSERT INTO atp_titles VALUES('Andy Roddick','Grandslams',0); COMMIT;
现在我们来看看插入到 atp_titles 表中的几条记录。
示例
SELECT * FROM atp_titles ORDER BY 1;
输出
Andre Agassi ATP Tour Titles 52 Andre Agassi Grandslams 8 Andy Murray Grandslams 3 Andy Murray ATP Tour Titles 46 Andy Roddick ATP Tour Titles 32 Andy Roddick Grandslams 0 ............................ ............................
现在让我们将 CUBE 函数应用到 atp 球员 - “Roger Federer”
SQL:
示例
SELECT player,title_type, SUM(titles) AS total_titles FROM atp_titles WHERE player = 'Roger Federer' GROUP BY CUBE (player,title_type) ORDER BY player,title_type ;
输出
player | title_type | total_titles |
Roger Federer | ATP Tour Titles | 103 |
Roger Federer | Grandslams | 20 |
Roger Federer | | 123 |
| ATP Tour Titles | 103 |
| Grandslams | 20 |
| | 123 |
除了 ROLLUP 扩展生成的小计之外,CUBE 扩展还为指定的玩家和标题类型的所有组合生成了小计。CUBE 的输出在上方以粗体突出显示。
现在,我们将对表格中的所有玩家应用 CUBE 函数,如下所示:
示例
SELECT player,title_type, SUM(titles) AS total_titles FROM atp_titles GROUP BY CUBE (player,title_type) ORDER BY player,title_type
player | title_type | total_titles |
Andre Agassi | ATP Tour Titles | 52 |
Andre Agassi | Grandslams | 8 |
Andre Agassi | | 60 |
Andy Murray | ATP Tour Titles | 46 |
Andy Murray | Grandslams | 3 |
Andy Murray | | 49 |
Andy Roddick | ATP Tour Titles | 32 |
Andy Roddick | Grandslams | 0 |
Andy Roddick | | 32 |
Novak Djokovic | ATP Tour Titles | 81 |
Novak Djokovic | Grandslams | 17 |
Novak Djokovic | | 98 |
Pete Sampras | ATP Tour Titles | 64 |
Pete Sampras | Grandslams | 14 |
Pete Sampras | | 78 |
Rafael Nadal | ATP Tour Titles | 86 |
Rafael Nadal | Grandslams | 20 |
Rafael Nadal | | 106 |
Roger Federer | ATP Tour Titles | 103 |
Roger Federer | Grandslams | 20 |
Roger Federer | | 123 |
Thomas Muster | ATP Tour Titles | 39 |
Thomas Muster | Grandslams | 1 |
Thomas Muster | | 40 |
| ATP Tour Titles | 503 |
| Grandslams | 83 |
| | 586 |